Industrial+Age+Paradigm

Resources
[|Industrial Age] pages 28-31 of //Windows// on the Future by Jukes and McCain

[|Preparing Students for Their Future] by Dr. Daggett Whitepaper

SKIM (ESPECIALLY PP. 1-4): Skills White Paper by the Partnership for 21st Century Skills. This one is long so you might want to skim. The first 4 pages cover the history of education and would be most relevant to this topic.

OPTIONAL: [|Industrial Age Classrooms vs. Information Age Classrooms] This is an optional resource. "On this page you will find a comparison between the Industrial Age and the Information Age, particularly as these differences correspond to classroom values, priorities, motivators, authority relationships, student berhaviors and discipline goals" ([|Industrial Age Classrooms vs. Information Age Classrooms], para. 1).

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General Characteristics of Agriculture, Industrial, and Information Age Educational Systems

 * Agricultural Age:**
 * Invention of writing with need to keep records of planting and harvests, taxation and barter, in agricultural age;
 * Education limited to an elite. (Earlier focus on oral traditions--from elders, during hunting and gathering age)
 * School calendar revolved around the summer harvest


 * Industrial Age:**
 * Mass public education: similar standards for all, which was considered democratic;
 * An educated middle class seen as foundation for a democratic society;
 * Tradional educational institutions have monopoly on learning
 * Subjects were departmentalized (like assembly line approach of factories where workers only needed to know their task without an understanding of the whole process)


 * Information Age:**
 * Diversified educational models necessary to meet diverse needs of students of all ages and different racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds;
 * Lifetime learning necessary to keep updated in one's field, as technological and social changes escalate;
 * Retraining of industrial workers necessary;
 * Community and corporate learning centers, in addition to traditional educational institutions;
 * Distance learning, computer/multimedia/interactive educational packages, internet, and virtual reality as additional tools for learning.